FACTS ABOUT MONGOLIA
- The capital city, Ulaanbaatar, has an estimated population of 1.6 million (2020 est.). The area of Mongolia is 1.566.000 square kilometers, ranked 18th in the world. The population is 3,504,741 and the population density is relatively sparse, at 2 people per square meter. Under the age of 35, they constitute 63.77 percent of the total population. To put it specifically, 32.2 percent of the total population are children aged 0–14, 65.3 percent are people aged 15–69, and only 2.5 percent are elderly people over the age of 70. The Mongolian people are made up of many different nationalities and ethnic groups, such as Khalkha, Buryatia, Kazak, Uriankhai, Darkhad, Tsaatan, Durvud, Torguud, Uuld, and Zakhchin, who together make up over 20 different ethnicities and groups.
- Average life expectancy: 71.3 years; in males: 67.3 years; in females: 76.7 years (2022 est.).
- Unemployment rate: 5.2%
- Administrative distribution: 21 provinces, 3 cities, and more than 330 "sums" (towns).
- Location: Mongolia is located at an average altitude of 1580 meters above sea level. The highest point in Mongolia is the Cold Peak of Altai Tavan Bogd at 4373 m, and the lowest point is the ‘Nomin gobi Els’ in the south-west Gobi-Altai at 526.745 m above sea level.
- Geographical system: The eastern part of Mongolia is surrounded by vast steppes, high mountains in the west and southwest, vast forests, taiga, and high mountains in the north, and the Gobi Desert and steppe in the southeast.
- Government: a democratic parliamentary and semi-presidential republic.
- Election 2024: On June 28, 2024, parliamentary elections were held in Mongolia to determine the composition of the state of Great Khural. The number of parliamentarians increased from 76 to 126 after a constitutional amendment in 2023. This year, a total of 13 female parliamentarians were elected, and four from the previous elections were re-elected. Article 126 of the Electoral Act establishes a quota for the candidacy of women. The revised electoral law obliges the parties to accept at least 20 percent of the candidates.
Members of Parliament: 126 seats in the state of Great Khural and 68 seats for the majority (Mongolian People’s Party: 68 seats, Democratic Party: 42 seats, HUN party: 8 seats, National Coalition: 4 seats, Civil Will-Green Party: 4 seats) - President: Khurelsukh Ukhnaa
- Prime minister: Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene
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The Joint Government was determined to have 22 ministers, and 16 ministries in the next four years.
First Deputy Prime Minister of Mongolia and Minister of Economy and Development, Gantumur Luvsannyam,
Deputy Prime Minister of Mongolia, Dorjkhand Togmid,
Deputy Prime Minister of Mongolia Amarsaikhan Sainbuyan, - Economy: The largest sector of the Mongolian economy is livestock herding, which in 2023 numbered 64.7 million livestock. Mongolia is rich in natural resources such as coal, copper, and gold. Therefore, mines are an important driver of the GDP. The average gross GDP per capita is $5,348
- Language: The official language is Mongolian.
- Religion: Mongolians have long practiced shamanism. Today, Buddhism is predominant, but Christianity, Islam, and Islam account for a significant portion of it.
- Time zone: UTC + 7s, UTC + 8s
- The national currency is the Tugrik (MNT); approximately MNT 3300 = USD 1 (as of JAN 2024). Foreign currency can be exchanged at all banks.
- Power supply: 220V; electrical connection
- International code: +976
- Ulaanbaatar city code: 11 (976-11)
- Mobile: GSM 900, 1800, CDMA 450, 800, 1800, 1900
- Terrain: vast semi-desert and desert plains; mountains in the west and southwest; and the Gobi Desert in the southeast.
- Literacy rate: 99.18%
- Average altitude: 1,580 m above sea level
- Land boundaries: 8,158 km; with Russia 3,485 km; and with China 4,673 km.
Public holiday: - November 26 is "Independence Day."
- December 31-January 1, "New Year celebration"
- Naadam National Festival, July 11–13
- In February, the Lunar New Year is celebrated according to the lunar calendar.